- Obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models applied from August 2, 2025.
- Providers must publish a summary of training content using a template the European Commission published in July 2025.
- Providers must have a copyright policy, including respecting text and data mining opt-outs.
- The AI Office's enforcement powers, including fines, apply from August 2, 2026.
Who it applies to
The AI Act's rules on general-purpose AI (GPAI) models apply to providers placing those models on the EU market, wherever they are based. A US lab whose model is offered in the EU is covered. A US company that licenses data to that lab is not a provider, but the provider's obligations flow back into the license.
Key dates
| Date | What happens |
|---|---|
| August 2, 2025 | GPAI obligations apply |
| July 2025 | Commission publishes the training content summary template |
| August 2, 2026 | AI Office enforcement powers, including fines, apply |
Source: European Commission.
The training content summary
Providers must publish a sufficiently detailed summary of the content used to train the model, following the Commission's template, including data sources (European Commission). Like California's AB 2013, this means buyers need a disclosable description of licensed data.
Copyright and opt-outs
Providers must put in place a policy to comply with EU copyright law, including identifying and respecting rights reservations under the text and data mining exception in Article 4 of the Digital Single Market Directive (EUR-Lex). Rights holders can reserve their works from text and data mining in a machine-readable way. Licensed data sidesteps that question because the license itself grants permission.
What it means for US data sellers
- Expect EU-facing buyers to ask for a description of your data they can include in their summary.
- Expect warranties that you hold the rights you grant, and that the data does not include content you know was reserved from text and data mining.
- If the data includes personal information about people in the EU, the GDPR applies separately.
What it means for AI teams
Keep a data manifest and license for every dataset. The same records support the EU summary, AB 2013 and buyer due diligence.
Read next
Questions
Does the EU AI Act ban training on copyrighted data?
No. It requires GPAI providers to have a copyright policy and respect text and data mining opt-outs, and to publish a training content summary. Licensing is one way to show permission.
When can the EU fine GPAI providers?
The European Commission says the AI Office's enforcement powers, including fines, apply from August 2, 2026.